While at the moment there is no cure for dementia and Alzheimer’s, scientists have identified some of the causes of the condition’s loss of memory and associated functional decline.

The first neurotransmitter defect discovered in Alzheimer’s involved acetylcholine (ACh). As cholinergic function is required for short-term memory, the cholinergic deficit in AD was also believed to be responsible for much of the short-term memory deficit.

Scientists in India and China, where there is much more acceptance of and extensive use of herbs in the treatment of various conditions, have identified some of the herbs that may help in the treatment of dementia.

Turmeric: In India, the incidence of dementia is significantly lower than in the UK, and some of this is believed to be because of the use of turmeric in the diet. Its primary component, curcumin, has antioxidant properties and is thought to block the formation of the plaques that hinder brain function.

Basil: This is one of the more popular herbs in use for treating dementia, due to its ability to reduce brain stress and fatigue which may result in dementia.

Ginkgo Biloba: Perhaps the best known and researched botanical medicine used to treat conditions such as cerebral vascular insufficiency, memory loss, mood disturbances, cognitive disorders and depression. Many studies point to its efficiency in promoting improved blood flow to the brain as well as promoting antioxidant activity.

Ginseng: In China, this herb has been used for thousands of years to help prevent disease and recent research has suggested that it can help with mild or vascular dementia, particularly with cognitive impairment.

Rosemary and sage: They have anti-inflammatory properties and show some ability to help with memory, Sage has been shown to have a significant effect in behaviour and attention.

Nutmeg: Contains myristicin, which helps to prevent the formation of beta-amyloid plaques (the plaques seen in Alzheimer’s disease).

Saffron: A study carried out in 2016 suggested that saffron may improve memory in people with Alzheimer’s disease.

While there are as yet no proven treatments to cure or reverse dementia, the signs are that the use of some or all of these herbs may help to alleviate symptoms and improve memory function.